diff --git a/packages/core/src/app/init.test.ts b/packages/core/src/app/init.test.ts
index 934c1fb25..ebdcae0b8 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/app/init.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/app/init.test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import * as koaLog from '@/middleware/koa-log';
 import * as koaOIDCErrorHandler from '@/middleware/koa-oidc-error-handler';
 import * as koaSlonikErrorHandler from '@/middleware/koa-slonik-error-handler';
 import * as koaSpaProxy from '@/middleware/koa-spa-proxy';
-import * as koaUserLog from '@/middleware/koa-user-log';
 import * as initOidc from '@/oidc/init';
 import * as initRouter from '@/routes/init';
 
@@ -23,7 +22,6 @@ describe('App Init', () => {
     koaOIDCErrorHandler,
     koaSlonikErrorHandler,
     koaSpaProxy,
-    koaUserLog,
   ];
   const initMethods = [initRouter, initOidc];
 
diff --git a/packages/core/src/app/init.ts b/packages/core/src/app/init.ts
index 138c832ea..afc21f814 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/app/init.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/app/init.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import koaLog from '@/middleware/koa-log';
 import koaOIDCErrorHandler from '@/middleware/koa-oidc-error-handler';
 import koaSlonikErrorHandler from '@/middleware/koa-slonik-error-handler';
 import koaSpaProxy from '@/middleware/koa-spa-proxy';
-import koaUserLog from '@/middleware/koa-user-log';
 import initOidc from '@/oidc/init';
 import initRouter from '@/routes/init';
 
@@ -23,7 +22,6 @@ export default async function initApp(app: Koa): Promise<void> {
   app.use(koaSlonikErrorHandler());
   app.use(koaConnectorErrorHandler());
 
-  app.use(koaUserLog());
   app.use(koaLog());
   app.use(koaLogger());
   app.use(koaI18next());
diff --git a/packages/core/src/middleware/koa-user-log.test.ts b/packages/core/src/middleware/koa-user-log.test.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 31057c294..000000000
--- a/packages/core/src/middleware/koa-user-log.test.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-import { UserLogType, UserLogResult } from '@logto/schemas';
-
-import { insertUserLog } from '@/queries/user-log';
-import { createContextWithRouteParameters } from '@/utils/test-utils';
-
-import koaUserLog, { WithUserLogContext, UserLogContext } from './koa-user-log';
-
-const nanoIdMock = 'mockId';
-
-jest.mock('@/queries/user-log', () => ({
-  insertUserLog: jest.fn(async () => Promise.resolve()),
-}));
-
-jest.mock('nanoid', () => ({
-  nanoid: jest.fn(() => nanoIdMock),
-}));
-
-describe('koaUserLog middleware', () => {
-  const insertUserLogMock = insertUserLog as jest.Mock;
-  const next = jest.fn();
-
-  const userLogMock: Partial<UserLogContext> = {
-    userId: 'foo',
-    type: UserLogType.SignInEmail,
-    email: 'foo@logto.io',
-    payload: { applicationId: 'foo' },
-  };
-
-  afterEach(() => {
-    jest.clearAllMocks();
-  });
-
-  it('insert userLog with success response', async () => {
-    const ctx: WithUserLogContext<ReturnType<typeof createContextWithRouteParameters>> = {
-      ...createContextWithRouteParameters(),
-      userLog: {
-        payload: {},
-        createdAt: 0,
-      }, // Bypass middleware context type assert
-    };
-
-    next.mockImplementationOnce(async () => {
-      ctx.userLog = {
-        ...ctx.userLog,
-        ...userLogMock,
-      };
-    });
-
-    await koaUserLog()(ctx, next);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('userId', userLogMock.userId);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('type', userLogMock.type);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('email', userLogMock.email);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('payload', userLogMock.payload);
-    expect(ctx.userLog.createdAt).not.toBeFalsy();
-    expect(insertUserLogMock).toBeCalledWith({
-      id: nanoIdMock,
-      userId: ctx.userLog.userId,
-      type: ctx.userLog.type,
-      result: UserLogResult.Success,
-      payload: ctx.userLog.payload,
-    });
-  });
-
-  it('should not block request if insertLog throws error', async () => {
-    const ctx: WithUserLogContext<ReturnType<typeof createContextWithRouteParameters>> = {
-      ...createContextWithRouteParameters(),
-      userLog: {
-        payload: {},
-        createdAt: 0,
-      }, // Bypass middleware context type assert
-    };
-
-    insertUserLogMock.mockRejectedValue(new Error(' '));
-
-    next.mockImplementationOnce(async () => {
-      ctx.userLog = {
-        ...ctx.userLog,
-        ...userLogMock,
-      };
-    });
-
-    await koaUserLog()(ctx, next);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('userId', userLogMock.userId);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('type', userLogMock.type);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('email', userLogMock.email);
-    expect(ctx.userLog).toHaveProperty('payload', userLogMock.payload);
-    expect(ctx.userLog.createdAt).not.toBeFalsy();
-    expect(insertUserLogMock).toBeCalledWith({
-      id: nanoIdMock,
-      userId: ctx.userLog.userId,
-      type: ctx.userLog.type,
-      result: UserLogResult.Success,
-      payload: ctx.userLog.payload,
-    });
-  });
-
-  it('should insert userLog with failed result if next throws error', async () => {
-    const ctx: WithUserLogContext<ReturnType<typeof createContextWithRouteParameters>> = {
-      ...createContextWithRouteParameters(),
-      userLog: {
-        payload: {},
-        createdAt: 0,
-      }, // Bypass middleware context type assert
-    };
-
-    const error = new Error('next error');
-
-    next.mockImplementationOnce(async () => {
-      ctx.userLog = {
-        ...ctx.userLog,
-        ...userLogMock,
-      };
-      throw error;
-    });
-
-    await expect(koaUserLog()(ctx, next)).rejects.toMatchError(error);
-
-    expect(ctx.userLog.createdAt).not.toBeFalsy();
-    expect(insertUserLogMock).toBeCalledWith({
-      id: nanoIdMock,
-      userId: ctx.userLog.userId,
-      type: ctx.userLog.type,
-      result: UserLogResult.Failed,
-      payload: ctx.userLog.payload,
-    });
-  });
-});
diff --git a/packages/core/src/middleware/koa-user-log.ts b/packages/core/src/middleware/koa-user-log.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index f59824492..000000000
--- a/packages/core/src/middleware/koa-user-log.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-import { UserLogPayload, UserLogResult, UserLogType } from '@logto/schemas';
-import { Context, MiddlewareType } from 'koa';
-import { nanoid } from 'nanoid';
-
-import { insertUserLog } from '@/queries/user-log';
-
-export type WithUserLogContext<ContextT> = ContextT & {
-  userLog: UserLogContext;
-};
-
-export interface UserLogContext {
-  type?: UserLogType;
-  userId?: string;
-  username?: string;
-  email?: string;
-  phone?: string;
-  connectorId?: string;
-  payload: UserLogPayload;
-  createdAt: number;
-}
-
-const insertLog = async (ctx: WithUserLogContext<Context>, result: UserLogResult) => {
-  // Insert log if log context is set properly.
-  if (ctx.userLog.userId && ctx.userLog.type) {
-    try {
-      await insertUserLog({
-        id: nanoid(),
-        userId: ctx.userLog.userId,
-        type: ctx.userLog.type,
-        result,
-        payload: ctx.userLog.payload,
-      });
-    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      console.error('An error occured while inserting user log');
-      console.error(error);
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-export default function koaUserLog<StateT, ContextT, ResponseBodyT>(): MiddlewareType<
-  StateT,
-  WithUserLogContext<ContextT>,
-  ResponseBodyT
-> {
-  return async (ctx, next) => {
-    ctx.userLog = {
-      createdAt: Date.now(),
-      payload: {},
-    };
-
-    try {
-      await next();
-      await insertLog(ctx, UserLogResult.Success);
-
-      return;
-    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      await insertLog(ctx, UserLogResult.Failed);
-      throw error;
-    }
-  };
-}
diff --git a/packages/core/src/queries/user-log.test.ts b/packages/core/src/queries/user-log.test.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 4abe8ad08..000000000
--- a/packages/core/src/queries/user-log.test.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-import { UserLogs } from '@logto/schemas';
-import { createMockPool, createMockQueryResult, sql } from 'slonik';
-import { snakeCase } from 'snake-case';
-
-import { mockUserLog } from '@/__mocks__';
-import {
-  convertToIdentifiers,
-  excludeAutoSetFields,
-  convertToPrimitiveOrSql,
-} from '@/database/utils';
-import { expectSqlAssert, QueryType } from '@/utils/test-utils';
-
-import { insertUserLog, findLogsByUserId } from './user-log';
-
-const mockQuery: jest.MockedFunction<QueryType> = jest.fn();
-
-jest.mock('@/database/pool', () =>
-  createMockPool({
-    query: async (sql, values) => {
-      return mockQuery(sql, values);
-    },
-  })
-);
-
-describe('user-log query', () => {
-  const { table, fields } = convertToIdentifiers(UserLogs);
-  const dbvalue = { ...mockUserLog, payload: JSON.stringify(mockUserLog.payload) };
-
-  it('findLogsByUserId', async () => {
-    const userId = 'foo';
-    const expectSql = sql`
-      select ${sql.join(Object.values(fields), sql`,`)}
-      from ${table}
-      where ${fields.userId}=${userId}
-      order by created_at desc
-    `;
-
-    mockQuery.mockImplementationOnce(async (sql, values) => {
-      expectSqlAssert(sql, expectSql.sql);
-      expect(values).toEqual([userId]);
-
-      return createMockQueryResult([dbvalue]);
-    });
-
-    await expect(findLogsByUserId(userId)).resolves.toEqual([dbvalue]);
-  });
-
-  it('insertUserLog', async () => {
-    const keys = excludeAutoSetFields(UserLogs.fieldKeys);
-
-    // eslint-disable-next-line sql/no-unsafe-query
-    const expectSql = `
-      insert into "user_logs" (${keys.map((k) => `"${snakeCase(k)}"`).join(', ')})
-      values (${keys.map((_, index) => `$${index + 1}`).join(', ')})
-    `;
-
-    mockQuery.mockImplementationOnce(async (sql, values) => {
-      expectSqlAssert(sql, expectSql);
-      expect(values).toEqual(keys.map((k) => convertToPrimitiveOrSql(k, mockUserLog[k])));
-
-      return createMockQueryResult([]);
-    });
-
-    await insertUserLog(mockUserLog);
-  });
-});
diff --git a/packages/core/src/queries/user-log.ts b/packages/core/src/queries/user-log.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index e4b8b7e97..000000000
--- a/packages/core/src/queries/user-log.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-import { CreateUserLog, UserLogs } from '@logto/schemas';
-import { sql } from 'slonik';
-
-import { buildInsertInto } from '@/database/insert-into';
-import pool from '@/database/pool';
-import { convertToIdentifiers } from '@/database/utils';
-
-const { table, fields } = convertToIdentifiers(UserLogs);
-
-export const insertUserLog = buildInsertInto<CreateUserLog>(pool, UserLogs);
-
-export const findLogsByUserId = async (userId: string) =>
-  pool.many<CreateUserLog>(sql`
-    select ${sql.join(Object.values(fields), sql`,`)}
-    from ${table}
-    where ${fields.userId}=${userId}
-    order by created_at desc
-  `);
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/session.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/session.ts
index 5497e735c..3a22e3f89 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/session.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/session.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import path from 'path';
 
 import { LogtoErrorCode } from '@logto/phrases';
-import { PasscodeType, UserLogType, userInfoSelectFields } from '@logto/schemas';
+import { PasscodeType, userInfoSelectFields } from '@logto/schemas';
 import { conditional } from '@silverhand/essentials';
 import pick from 'lodash.pick';
 import { Provider } from 'oidc-provider';
@@ -68,14 +68,9 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     }),
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { username, password } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.username = username;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.SignInUsernameAndPassword;
-
       assertThat(password, 'session.insufficient_info');
 
       const { id } = await findUserByUsernameAndPassword(username, password);
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
-
       await assignInteractionResults(ctx, provider, { login: { accountId: id } });
 
       return next();
@@ -88,8 +83,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { phone } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.phone = phone;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.SignInPhone;
 
       assertThat(
         await hasUserWithPhone(phone),
@@ -110,8 +103,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { phone, code } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.phone = phone;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.SignInPhone;
 
       assertThat(
         await hasUserWithPhone(phone),
@@ -120,7 +111,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
 
       await verifyPasscode(jti, PasscodeType.SignIn, code, { phone });
       const { id } = await findUserByPhone(phone);
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
 
       await assignInteractionResults(ctx, provider, { login: { accountId: id } });
 
@@ -134,8 +124,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { email } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.email = email;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.SignInEmail;
 
       assertThat(
         await hasUserWithEmail(email),
@@ -156,8 +144,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { email, code } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.email = email;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.SignInEmail;
 
       assertThat(
         await hasUserWithEmail(email),
@@ -166,7 +152,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
 
       await verifyPasscode(jti, PasscodeType.SignIn, code, { email });
       const { id } = await findUserByEmail(email);
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
 
       await assignInteractionResults(ctx, provider, { login: { accountId: id } });
 
@@ -186,8 +171,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     }),
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { connectorId, code, state, redirectUri } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.connectorId = connectorId;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.SignInSocial;
 
       if (!code) {
         assertThat(state && redirectUri, 'session.insufficient_info');
@@ -214,7 +197,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
       }
 
       const { id, identities } = await findUserByIdentity(connectorId, userInfo.id);
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
 
       // Update social connector's user info
       await updateUserById(id, {
@@ -232,22 +214,15 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
       body: object({ connectorId: string() }),
     }),
     async (ctx, next) => {
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.SignInSocial;
       const { connectorId } = ctx.guard.body;
       const { result } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
-
       assertThat(result, 'session.connector_session_not_found');
 
-      ctx.userLog.connectorId = connectorId;
-
       const userInfo = await getUserInfoFromInteractionResult(connectorId, result);
       const relatedInfo = await findSocialRelatedUser(userInfo);
-
       assertThat(relatedInfo, 'session.connector_session_not_found');
 
       const { id, identities } = relatedInfo[1];
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
-
       await updateUserById(id, {
         identities: { ...identities, [connectorId]: { userId: userInfo.id, details: userInfo } },
       });
@@ -302,8 +277,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     }),
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { username, password } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.username = username;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.RegisterUsernameAndPassword;
 
       assertThat(
         password,
@@ -321,8 +294,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
       );
 
       const id = await generateUserId();
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
-
       const { passwordEncryptionSalt, passwordEncrypted, passwordEncryptionMethod } =
         encryptUserPassword(id, password);
 
@@ -355,10 +326,8 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     '/session/register/passwordless/sms/send-passcode',
     koaGuard({ body: object({ phone: string().regex(phoneRegEx) }) }),
     async (ctx, next) => {
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.RegisterPhone;
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { phone } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.phone = phone;
 
       assertThat(
         !(await hasUserWithPhone(phone)),
@@ -379,8 +348,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { phone, code } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.phone = phone;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.RegisterPhone;
 
       assertThat(
         !(await hasUserWithPhone(phone)),
@@ -389,7 +356,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
 
       await verifyPasscode(jti, PasscodeType.Register, code, { phone });
       const id = await generateUserId();
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
 
       await insertUser({ id, primaryPhone: phone });
       await assignInteractionResults(ctx, provider, { login: { accountId: id } });
@@ -404,8 +370,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { email } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.email = email;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.RegisterEmail;
 
       assertThat(
         !(await hasUserWithEmail(email)),
@@ -426,8 +390,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
     async (ctx, next) => {
       const { jti } = await provider.interactionDetails(ctx.req, ctx.res);
       const { email, code } = ctx.guard.body;
-      ctx.userLog.email = email;
-      ctx.userLog.type = UserLogType.RegisterEmail;
 
       assertThat(
         !(await hasUserWithEmail(email)),
@@ -436,7 +398,6 @@ export default function sessionRoutes<T extends AnonymousRouter>(router: T, prov
 
       await verifyPasscode(jti, PasscodeType.Register, code, { email });
       const id = await generateUserId();
-      ctx.userLog.userId = id;
 
       await insertUser({ id, primaryEmail: email });
       await assignInteractionResults(ctx, provider, { login: { accountId: id } });
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/types.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/types.ts
index c65a51122..886b246a4 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/types.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/types.ts
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ import Router from 'koa-router';
 
 import { WithAuthContext } from '@/middleware/koa-auth';
 import { WithI18nContext } from '@/middleware/koa-i18next';
+import { WithLogContext } from '@/middleware/koa-log';
 import { WithUserInfoContext } from '@/middleware/koa-user-info';
-import { WithUserLogContext } from '@/middleware/koa-user-log';
 
-export type AnonymousRouter = Router<unknown, WithUserLogContext<WithI18nContext>>;
+export type AnonymousRouter = Router<unknown, WithLogContext<WithI18nContext>>;
 export type AuthedRouter = Router<
   unknown,
-  WithUserInfoContext<WithAuthContext<WithUserLogContext<WithI18nContext>>>
+  WithUserInfoContext<WithAuthContext<WithLogContext<WithI18nContext>>>
 >;