diff --git a/packages/core/src/__mocks__/custom-phrase.ts b/packages/core/src/__mocks__/custom-phrase.ts
index b1e7cf467..c367babd2 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/__mocks__/custom-phrase.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/__mocks__/custom-phrase.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import en from '@logto/phrases-ui/lib/locales/en.js';
 import { CustomPhrase } from '@logto/schemas';
 
+import { mockId } from '#src/test-utils/nanoid.js';
+
 export const enTag = 'en';
 export const trTrTag = 'tr-TR';
 export const zhCnTag = 'zh-CN';
@@ -8,7 +10,7 @@ export const zhHkTag = 'zh-HK';
 
 export const mockEnCustomPhrase = {
   tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
-  id: 'fake_id',
+  id: mockId,
   languageTag: enTag,
   translation: {
     input: {
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ export const mockEnCustomPhrase = {
 
 export const mockEnPhrase = {
   tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
-  id: 'fake_id',
+  id: mockId,
   languageTag: enTag,
   translation: {
     ...en.translation,
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ export const mockEnPhrase = {
 
 export const mockTrTrCustomPhrase = {
   tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
-  id: 'fake_id',
+  id: mockId,
   languageTag: trTrTag,
   translation: {
     input: {
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ export const mockTrTrCustomPhrase = {
 
 export const mockZhCnCustomPhrase = {
   tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
-  id: 'fake_id',
+  id: mockId,
   languageTag: zhCnTag,
   translation: {
     input: {
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ export const mockZhCnCustomPhrase = {
 
 export const mockZhHkCustomPhrase = {
   tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
-  id: 'fake_id',
+  id: mockId,
   languageTag: zhHkTag,
   translation: {
     input: {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/libraries/phrase.test.ts b/packages/core/src/libraries/phrase.test.ts
index e3100490f..f9faea10f 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/libraries/phrase.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/libraries/phrase.test.ts
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ it('should ignore empty string values from the custom phrase', async () => {
   findCustomPhraseByLanguageTag.mockResolvedValueOnce(mockEnCustomPhraseWithEmptyStringValues);
   await expect(getPhrases(enTag, [enTag])).resolves.toEqual(
     deepmerge(englishBuiltInPhrase, {
+      id: 'fake_id',
+      tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
       languageTag: enTag,
       translation: {
         input: {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/queries/connector.test.ts b/packages/core/src/queries/connector.test.ts
index bb82d241a..8a66f13f0 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/queries/connector.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/queries/connector.test.ts
@@ -191,7 +191,8 @@ describe('connector queries', () => {
       return createMockQueryResult([connector]);
     });
 
-    await expect(insertConnector(mockConnector)).resolves.toEqual(connector);
+    const { tenantId, ...data } = mockConnector;
+    await expect(insertConnector(data)).resolves.toEqual(connector);
   });
 
   it('updateConnector (with id)', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/queries/roles.test.ts b/packages/core/src/queries/roles.test.ts
index e7376dbeb..f1e7fffe1 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/queries/roles.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/queries/roles.test.ts
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ describe('roles query', () => {
     const keys = excludeAutoSetFields(Roles.fieldKeys);
 
     const expectSql = `
-      insert into "roles" ("id", "name", "description")
+      insert into "roles" ("tenant_id", "id", "name", "description")
       values (${keys.map((_, index) => `$${index + 1}`).join(', ')})
       returning *
     `;
diff --git a/packages/core/src/queries/sign-in-experience.test.ts b/packages/core/src/queries/sign-in-experience.test.ts
index 1f64c06d2..51e5048ac 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/queries/sign-in-experience.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/queries/sign-in-experience.test.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const { findDefaultSignInExperience, updateDefaultSignInExperience } =
 describe('sign-in-experience query', () => {
   const id = 'default';
 
-  const dbvalue = {
+  const databaseValue = {
     ...mockSignInExperience,
     color: JSON.stringify(mockSignInExperience.color),
     branding: JSON.stringify(mockSignInExperience.branding),
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe('sign-in-experience query', () => {
   it('findDefaultSignInExperience', async () => {
     /* eslint-disable sql/no-unsafe-query */
     const expectSql = `
-      select "id", "color", "branding", "language_info", "terms_of_use_url", "sign_in", "sign_up", "social_sign_in_connector_targets", "sign_in_mode"
+      select "tenant_id", "id", "color", "branding", "language_info", "terms_of_use_url", "sign_in", "sign_up", "social_sign_in_connector_targets", "sign_in_mode"
       from "sign_in_experiences"
       where "id"=$1
     `;
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ describe('sign-in-experience query', () => {
       expectSqlAssert(sql, expectSql);
       expect(values).toEqual([id]);
 
-      return createMockQueryResult([dbvalue]);
+      return createMockQueryResult([databaseValue]);
     });
 
-    await expect(findDefaultSignInExperience()).resolves.toEqual(dbvalue);
+    await expect(findDefaultSignInExperience()).resolves.toEqual(databaseValue);
   });
 
   it('updateDefaultSignInExperience', async () => {
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ describe('sign-in-experience query', () => {
       expectSqlAssert(sql, expectSql);
       expect(values).toEqual([termsOfUseUrl, id]);
 
-      return createMockQueryResult([dbvalue]);
+      return createMockQueryResult([databaseValue]);
     });
 
-    await expect(updateDefaultSignInExperience({ termsOfUseUrl })).resolves.toEqual(dbvalue);
+    await expect(updateDefaultSignInExperience({ termsOfUseUrl })).resolves.toEqual(databaseValue);
   });
 });
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/admin-user-role.test.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/admin-user-role.test.ts
index 2b1853a74..6122a767a 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/admin-user-role.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/admin-user-role.test.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 import { pickDefault } from '@logto/shared/esm';
 
 import { mockRole, mockUser } from '#src/__mocks__/index.js';
+import { mockId, mockStandardId } from '#src/test-utils/nanoid.js';
 import { MockTenant } from '#src/test-utils/tenant.js';
 import { createRequester } from '#src/utils/test-utils.js';
 
 const { jest } = import.meta;
 
+await mockStandardId();
+
 const users = { findUserById: jest.fn() };
 
 const roles = {
@@ -14,7 +17,6 @@ const roles = {
   countRoles: jest.fn(async () => ({ count: 1 })),
   findRoles: jest.fn(async () => [mockRole]),
 };
-const { findRolesByRoleIds } = roles;
 
 const usersRoles = {
   findUsersRolesByUserId: jest.fn(),
@@ -43,7 +45,9 @@ describe('user role routes', () => {
       roleIds: [mockRole.id],
     });
     expect(response.status).toEqual(201);
-    expect(insertUsersRoles).toHaveBeenCalledWith([{ userId: mockUser.id, roleId: mockRole.id }]);
+    expect(insertUsersRoles).toHaveBeenCalledWith([
+      { id: mockId, userId: mockUser.id, roleId: mockRole.id },
+    ]);
   });
 
   it('DELETE /users/:id/roles/:roleId', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/custom-phrase.test.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/custom-phrase.test.ts
index 87b07ff14..03760168b 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/custom-phrase.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/custom-phrase.test.ts
@@ -6,12 +6,15 @@ import { pickDefault, createMockUtils } from '@logto/shared/esm';
 import { mockZhCnCustomPhrase, trTrTag, zhCnTag } from '#src/__mocks__/custom-phrase.js';
 import { mockSignInExperience } from '#src/__mocks__/index.js';
 import RequestError from '#src/errors/RequestError/index.js';
+import { mockId, mockStandardId } from '#src/test-utils/nanoid.js';
 import { MockTenant } from '#src/test-utils/tenant.js';
 import { createRequester } from '#src/utils/test-utils.js';
 
 const { jest } = import.meta;
 const { mockEsm } = createMockUtils(jest);
 
+await mockStandardId();
+
 const mockLanguageTag = zhCnTag;
 const mockPhrase = mockZhCnCustomPhrase;
 const mockCustomPhrases: Record<string, CustomPhrase> = {
@@ -126,6 +129,7 @@ describe('customPhraseRoutes', () => {
         input: { ...inputTranslation, password: '' },
       });
       expect(upsertCustomPhrase).toBeCalledWith({
+        id: mockId,
         languageTag: mockLanguageTag,
         translation: { input: inputTranslation },
       });
@@ -146,7 +150,9 @@ describe('customPhraseRoutes', () => {
 
     it('should call upsertCustomPhrase with specified language tag', async () => {
       await customPhraseRequest.put(`/custom-phrases/${mockLanguageTag}`).send(translation);
-      expect(upsertCustomPhrase).toBeCalledWith(mockCustomPhrases[mockLanguageTag]);
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
+      const { tenantId, ...phrase } = mockCustomPhrases[mockLanguageTag]!;
+      expect(upsertCustomPhrase).toBeCalledWith(phrase);
     });
 
     it('should return custom phrase after upserting', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/resource.test.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/resource.test.ts
index d72b064eb..1829f3aac 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/resource.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/resource.test.ts
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ describe('resource routes', () => {
 
     expect(response.status).toEqual(200);
     expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
       id: 'randomId',
       name,
       indicator,
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/role.scope.test.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/role.scope.test.ts
index 50f7ef108..5a9056401 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/role.scope.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/role.scope.test.ts
@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@ import type { Role } from '@logto/schemas';
 import { pickDefault } from '@logto/shared/esm';
 
 import { mockRole, mockScope, mockResource } from '#src/__mocks__/index.js';
+import { mockId, mockStandardId } from '#src/test-utils/nanoid.js';
 import { MockTenant } from '#src/test-utils/tenant.js';
 import { createRequester } from '#src/utils/test-utils.js';
 
 const { jest } = import.meta;
 
+await mockStandardId();
+
 const roles = {
   findRoles: jest.fn(async (): Promise<Role[]> => [mockRole]),
   countRoles: jest.fn(async () => ({ count: 10 })),
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ describe('role scope routes', () => {
     });
     expect(response.status).toEqual(200);
     expect(insertRolesScopes).toHaveBeenCalledWith([
-      { roleId: mockRole.id, scopeId: mockScope.id },
+      { id: mockId, roleId: mockRole.id, scopeId: mockScope.id },
     ]);
   });
 
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/role.test.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/role.test.ts
index cbbc7e703..5c64dafe5 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/role.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/role.test.ts
@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@ import type { Role } from '@logto/schemas';
 import { pickDefault } from '@logto/shared/esm';
 
 import { mockRole, mockScope, mockUser, mockResource } from '#src/__mocks__/index.js';
+import { mockId, mockStandardId } from '#src/test-utils/nanoid.js';
 import { MockTenant } from '#src/test-utils/tenant.js';
 import { createRequester } from '#src/utils/test-utils.js';
 
 const { jest } = import.meta;
 
+await mockStandardId();
+
 const roles = {
   findRoles: jest.fn(async (): Promise<Role[]> => [mockRole]),
   countRoles: jest.fn(async () => ({ count: 10 })),
@@ -15,12 +18,14 @@ const roles = {
   insertRole: jest.fn(async (data) => ({
     ...data,
     id: mockRole.id,
+    tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
   })),
   deleteRoleById: jest.fn(),
   findRoleById: jest.fn(),
   updateRoleById: jest.fn(async (id, data) => ({
     ...mockRole,
     ...data,
+    tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
   })),
   findRolesByRoleIds: jest.fn(),
 };
@@ -172,7 +177,9 @@ describe('role routes', () => {
       userIds: [mockUser.id],
     });
     expect(response.status).toEqual(201);
-    expect(insertUsersRoles).toHaveBeenCalledWith([{ userId: mockUser.id, roleId: mockRole.id }]);
+    expect(insertUsersRoles).toHaveBeenCalledWith([
+      { id: mockId, userId: mockUser.id, roleId: mockRole.id },
+    ]);
   });
 
   it('DELETE /roles/:id/users/:userId', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/role.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/role.ts
index 45453d548..2e51cfd4e 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/role.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/role.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { buildIdGenerator, generateStandardId } from '@logto/core-kit';
+import { generateStandardId } from '@logto/core-kit';
 import type { RoleResponse } from '@logto/schemas';
 import { userInfoSelectFields, Roles } from '@logto/schemas';
 import { tryThat } from '@logto/shared';
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ import { parseSearchParamsForSearch } from '#src/utils/search.js';
 
 import type { AuthedRouter, RouterInitArgs } from './types.js';
 
-const roleId = buildIdGenerator(21);
-
 export default function roleRoutes<T extends AuthedRouter>(
   ...[router, { queries }]: RouterInitArgs<T>
 ) {
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ export default function roleRoutes<T extends AuthedRouter>(
 
       const role = await insertRole({
         ...roleBody,
-        id: roleId(),
+        id: generateStandardId(),
       });
 
       if (scopeIds) {
diff --git a/packages/core/src/routes/setting.test.ts b/packages/core/src/routes/setting.test.ts
index 3065c29d7..216b5fb1b 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/routes/setting.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/routes/setting.test.ts
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ describe('settings routes', () => {
 
     expect(response.status).toEqual(200);
     expect(response.body).toEqual({
+      tenantId: 'fake_tenant',
       adminConsole,
     });
   });
diff --git a/packages/core/src/test-utils/nanoid.ts b/packages/core/src/test-utils/nanoid.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4e719e802
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/src/test-utils/nanoid.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createMockUtils } from '@logto/shared/esm';
+
+const { mockEsmWithActual } = createMockUtils(import.meta.jest);
+
+export const mockId = 'mockId';
+export const mockStandardId = async () =>
+  mockEsmWithActual('@logto/core-kit', () => ({
+    generateStandardId: () => mockId,
+  }));