ghost/core/server/services/auth/api-key/admin.js

const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
const url = require('url');
const models = require('../../../models');
const errors = require('@tryghost/errors');
const {i18n} = require('../../../lib/common');
const _ = require('lodash');

let JWT_OPTIONS_DEFAULTS = {
    algorithms: ['HS256'],
    maxAge: '5m'
};

/**
 * Remove 'Ghost' from raw authorization header and extract the JWT token.
 * Eg. Authorization: Ghost ${JWT}
 * @param {string} header
 */
const _extractTokenFromHeader = function extractTokenFromHeader(header) {
    const [scheme, token] = header.split(' ');

    if (/^Ghost$/i.test(scheme)) {
        return token;
    }
};

/**
 * Extract JWT token from admin API URL query
 * Eg. ${ADMIN_API_URL}/?token=${JWT}
 * @param {string} reqUrl
 */
const _extractTokenFromUrl = function extractTokenFromUrl(reqUrl) {
    const {query} = url.parse(reqUrl, true);
    return query.token;
};

const authenticate = (req, res, next) => {
    // CASE: we don't have an Authorization header so allow fallthrough to other
    // auth middleware or final "ensure authenticated" check
    if (!req.headers || !req.headers.authorization) {
        req.api_key = null;
        return next();
    }
    const token = _extractTokenFromHeader(req.headers.authorization);

    if (!token) {
        return next(new errors.UnauthorizedError({
            message: i18n.t('errors.middleware.auth.incorrectAuthHeaderFormat'),
            code: 'INVALID_AUTH_HEADER'
        }));
    }

    return authenticateWithToken(req, res, next, {token, JWT_OPTIONS: JWT_OPTIONS_DEFAULTS});
};

const authenticateWithUrl = (req, res, next) => {
    const token = _extractTokenFromUrl(req.originalUrl);
    if (!token) {
        return next(new errors.UnauthorizedError({
            message: i18n.t('errors.middleware.auth.invalidTokenWithMessage', {message: 'No token found in URL'}),
            code: 'INVALID_JWT'
        }));
    }
    // CASE: Scheduler publish URLs can have long maxAge but controllerd by expiry and neverBefore
    return authenticateWithToken(req, res, next, {token, JWT_OPTIONS: _.omit(JWT_OPTIONS_DEFAULTS, 'maxAge')});
};

/**
 * Admin API key authentication flow:
 * 1. extract the JWT token from the `Authorization: Ghost xxxx` header or from URL(for schedules)
 * 2. decode the JWT to extract the api_key id from the "key id" header claim
 * 3. find a matching api_key record
 * 4. verify the JWT (matching secret, matching URL path, not expired)
 * 5. place the api_key object on `req.api_key`
 *
 * There are some specifcs of the JWT that we expect:
 * - the "Key ID" header parameter should be set to the id of the api_key used to sign the token
 *   https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7515#section-4.1.4
 * - the "Audience" claim should match the requested API path
 *   https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7519#section-4.1.3
 */
const authenticateWithToken = (req, res, next, {token, JWT_OPTIONS}) => {
    const decoded = jwt.decode(token, {complete: true});

    if (!decoded || !decoded.header) {
        return next(new errors.BadRequestError({
            message: i18n.t('errors.middleware.auth.invalidToken'),
            code: 'INVALID_JWT'
        }));
    }

    const apiKeyId = decoded.header.kid;

    if (!apiKeyId) {
        return next(new errors.BadRequestError({
            message: i18n.t('errors.middleware.auth.adminApiKidMissing'),
            code: 'MISSING_ADMIN_API_KID'
        }));
    }

    models.ApiKey.findOne({id: apiKeyId}).then((apiKey) => {
        if (!apiKey) {
            return next(new errors.UnauthorizedError({
                message: i18n.t('errors.middleware.auth.unknownAdminApiKey'),
                code: 'UNKNOWN_ADMIN_API_KEY'
            }));
        }

        if (apiKey.get('type') !== 'admin') {
            return next(new errors.UnauthorizedError({
                message: i18n.t('errors.middleware.auth.invalidApiKeyType'),
                code: 'INVALID_API_KEY_TYPE'
            }));
        }

        // Decoding from hex and transforming into bytes is here to
        // keep comparison of the bytes that are stored in the secret.
        // Useful context:
        // https://github.com/auth0/node-jsonwebtoken/issues/208#issuecomment-231861138
        const secret = Buffer.from(apiKey.get('secret'), 'hex');

        const {pathname} = url.parse(req.originalUrl);
        const [hasMatch, version = 'v4', api = 'admin'] = pathname.match(/ghost\/api\/([^/]+)\/([^/]+)\/(.+)*/); // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars

        // ensure the token was meant for this api version
        const options = Object.assign({
            audience: new RegExp(`\/?${version}\/${api}\/?$`) // eslint-disable-line no-useless-escape
        }, JWT_OPTIONS);

        try {
            jwt.verify(token, secret, options);
        } catch (err) {
            if (err.name === 'TokenExpiredError' || err.name === 'JsonWebTokenError') {
                return next(new errors.UnauthorizedError({
                    message: i18n.t('errors.middleware.auth.invalidTokenWithMessage', {message: err.message}),
                    code: 'INVALID_JWT',
                    err
                }));
            }

            // unknown error
            return next(new errors.InternalServerError({err}));
        }

        // authenticated OK

        if (apiKey.get('user_id')) {
            // fetch the user and store it on the request for later checks and logging
            return models.User.findOne(
                {id: apiKey.get('user_id'), status: 'active'},
                {require: true}
            ).then((user) => {
                req.user = user;
                next();
            });
        }

        // store the api key on the request for later checks and logging
        req.api_key = apiKey;
        next();
    }).catch((err) => {
        next(new errors.InternalServerError({err}));
    });
};

module.exports = {
    authenticate,
    authenticateWithUrl
};