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Beyond coding. We forge.
77fafbe578
## Overview Hi all, I'm a first-time contributor to Forgejo. I was looking for something interesting to contribute and the first thing that caught my attention was https://codeberg.org/forgejo/forgejo/issues/6043, a request for an enhancement to include "issue previews" when publishing links to social media platforms. As a bit of background, the way these platforms work is that they search for meta tags in the posted link's content, and if they find a meta `og:image` (along with other meta tags) they'll pull the image to include in the social media post. Forgejo currently provides an `og:image` tag but it just renders the repository or repository-owner's avatar. This PR will render `og:image` for an issue or PR into a link to `{...}/summary-card`, which is a dynamically generated image that contains a summary of the issue. ## Design Notes ### Rendering / Rasterization The tricky part of solving this problem is rendering an image that combines some text, some images, and some layout elements. To address this, I've created a `card` module which allows for a handful of operations: - Create a new rendered image (a "Card") - Add a margin to a card - Split the card, horizontally or vertically, into two pieces with a proportional layout (eg. 70%/30%, as desired), each of which are "Cards" that render into the same root image - Render text into a card, with line-wrapping and text-alignment capabilities - Render an image onto a card - Fetches an external image as safely as possible (for server-side fetch of Gravatar, etc.) The card module can be reused to create `og:image` summary cards for any object in the future, although obviously it's capabilities are limited. The current implementation is on issues/PRs. I considered a few alternative approaches before taking this approach, and here's why I rejected those options: - Provide the summary card as an SVG object which could be rendered much more easily with a template file -- however, support for SVG isn't defined as positive for OpenGraph, and a quick look through some existing implementations suggest that it is not widely supported, if at all - Rendering as HTML/CSS, or SVG, and then using an external tool to convert into a PNG (or other static) image -- this would be much nicer and easier to implement, but would require tying in some very heavy-weight dependencies - Rendering using a more sophisticated graphics library, eg. cairo -- also would be nicer and easier to implement, but again a heavy dependency for a small functionality As a result of the limited capabilities of the new card module, summary cards don't have icons on them (which would require SVG rasterization) or pretty status badges with colors and rounded rects. In the future if better drawing capabilities were added, the graphics could be improved, but it doesn't seem too important. ### External Avatars In order to rasterize a user's avatar onto the summary card, it might have to be retrieved by the server from the external source (eg. Gravatar). A `fetchExternalImage` routine attempts to do this in the safest way possible to protect the server from any possible security exposure from this; (a) verifying that the content-types are acceptable, (b) ensuring that the file-size and image-size are within the safe bounds that are used for custom avatars, (c) using a very-short timeout to avoid stalling the server if an external dependency is offline. ### Caching Summary cards are cached after rendered. This has the downside of causing updates to statuses, avatars, titles, etc. being stale on the summary card for the cache TTL. However, during testing I found that some social media engines like Mastodon will cause the summary card to be accessed a significant number of times after being referenced by a post, causing a mini-tornado of requests. The cache compensates for this to avoid server load in this situation. ### Scope I'm considering out-of-scope: - Summary cards on other objects (eg. repos, users) can be left for future implementation ## Checklist The [contributor guide](https://forgejo.org/docs/next/contributor/) contains information that will be helpful to first time contributors. There also are a few [conditions for merging Pull Requests in Forgejo repositories](https://codeberg.org/forgejo/governance/src/branch/main/PullRequestsAgreement.md). You are also welcome to join the [Forgejo development chatroom](https://matrix.to/#/#forgejo-development:matrix.org). ### Tests - I added test coverage for Go changes... - [x] in their respective `*_test.go` for unit tests. - [x] in the `tests/integration` directory if it involves interactions with a live Forgejo server. - ~~I added test coverage for JavaScript changes...~~ n/a, no JS changes - [x] ~~in `web_src/js/*.test.js` if it can be unit tested.~~ - [x] ~~in `tests/e2e/*.test.e2e.js` if it requires interactions with a live Forgejo server (see also the [developer guide for JavaScript testing](https://codeberg.org/forgejo/forgejo/src/branch/forgejo/tests/e2e/README.md#end-to-end-tests)).~~ - Manual testing - [x] Access & attach screenshots of both an issue and a pull-request's summary card; see below - [x] Ensure reasonable (non-crash) behavior of rendering text with glyphs outside the font -- correctly rendered as replacement unicode chars - [x] Using a public test instance, verify that og:image behavior looks good on platforms like Mastodon and BlueSky - [x] Bluesky: ✅ - [x] Mastodon: ✅ (Note that the summary card will be requested many times as the post is federated; either each server, or each client, will fetch it itself) - [x] OpenGraph test site (https://www.opengraph.xyz/): ✅ - [x] Discord: Looks OK ✅; needs "twitter:card" to be set to "summary_large_image" to display the large-scale image, but (a) that's probably annoying to use, (b) probably wrong because it doesn't match Twitter Card's spec for a "photographic image", and (c) don't want to encourage/continue use of vendor-specific tag - [x] Verify cases with user avatar missing (or autogen), and repo avatar missing (falls back to repo owner avatar) Pull request summary card:  Issue summary card:  (images to the right are the custom repo avatar, w/ fallback to the repo owner avatar) ### Documentation - [ ] I created a pull request [to the documentation](https://codeberg.org/forgejo/docs) to explain to Forgejo users how to use this change. - [x] I did not document these changes and I do not expect someone else to do it. - OpenGraph capabilities are expected to work in the background without user awareness, and so there is no need for documentation to explain the capabilities for users. ### Release notes - [ ] I do not want this change to show in the release notes. - [x] I want the title to show in the release notes with a link to this pull request. - [ ] I want the content of the `release-notes/<pull request number>.md` to be be used for the release notes instead of the title. Reviewed-on: https://codeberg.org/forgejo/forgejo/pulls/6053 Reviewed-by: Gusted <gusted@noreply.codeberg.org> Co-authored-by: Mathieu Fenniak <mathieu@fenniak.net> Co-committed-by: Mathieu Fenniak <mathieu@fenniak.net> |
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Welcome to Forgejo
Hi there! Tired of big platforms playing monopoly? Providing Git hosting for your project, friends, company or community? Forgejo (/for'd͡ʒe.jo/ inspired by forĝejo – the Esperanto word for forge) has you covered with its intuitive interface, light and easy hosting and a lot of builtin functionality.
Forgejo was created in 2022 because we think that the project should be owned by an independent community. If you second that, then Forgejo is for you! Our promise: Independent Free/Libre Software forever!
What does Forgejo offer?
If you like any of the following, Forgejo is literally meant for you:
- Lightweight: Forgejo can easily be hosted on nearly every machine. Running on a Raspberry? Small cloud instance? No problem!
- Project management: Besides Git hosting, Forgejo offers issues, pull requests, wikis, kanban boards and much more to coordinate with your team.
- Publishing: Have something to share? Use releases to host your software for download, or use the package registry to publish it for docker, npm and many other package managers.
- Customizable: Want to change your look? Change some settings? There are many config switches to make Forgejo work exactly like you want.
- Powerful: Organizations & team permissions, CI integration, Code Search, LDAP, OAuth and much more. If you have advanced needs, Forgejo has you covered.
- Privacy: From update checker to default settings: Forgejo is built to be privacy first for you and your crew.
- Federation: (WIP) We are actively working to connect software forges with each other through ActivityPub, and create a collaborative network of personal instances.
Learn more
Dive into the documentation, subscribe to releases and blog post on our website, find us on the Fediverse or hop into our Matrix room if you have any questions or want to get involved.
License
Forgejo is distributed under the terms of the GPL version 3.0 or any later version.
The agreement for this license was documented in June 2023 and implemented during the development of Forgejo v9.0. All Forgejo versions before v9.0 are distributed under the MIT license.
Get involved
If you are interested in making Forgejo better, either by reporting a bug or by changing the governance, please take a look at the contribution guide.