2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
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本包提供了 Go 语言中读写 INI 文件的功能。
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## 功能特性
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2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
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- 支持覆盖加载多个数据源(`[]byte`、文件和 `io.ReadCloser`)
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2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
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- 支持递归读取键值
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- 支持读取父子分区
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- 支持读取自增键名
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- 支持读取多行的键值
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- 支持大量辅助方法
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- 支持在读取时直接转换为 Go 语言类型
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- 支持读取和 **写入** 分区和键的注释
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- 轻松操作分区、键值和注释
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- 在保存文件时分区和键值会保持原有的顺序
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## 下载安装
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使用一个特定版本:
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go get gopkg.in/ini.v1
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使用最新版:
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go get github.com/go-ini/ini
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如需更新请添加 `-u` 选项。
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### 测试安装
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如果您想要在自己的机器上运行测试,请使用 `-t` 标记:
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go get -t gopkg.in/ini.v1
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如需更新请添加 `-u` 选项。
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## 开始使用
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### 从数据源加载
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2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
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一个 **数据源** 可以是 `[]byte` 类型的原始数据,`string` 类型的文件路径或 `io.ReadCloser`。您可以加载 **任意多个** 数据源。如果您传递其它类型的数据源,则会直接返回错误。
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2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
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```go
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2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
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cfg, err := ini.Load([]byte("raw data"), "filename", ioutil.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader([]byte("some other data"))))
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2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
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```
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或者从一个空白的文件开始:
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```go
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cfg := ini.Empty()
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```
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当您在一开始无法决定需要加载哪些数据源时,仍可以使用 **Append()** 在需要的时候加载它们。
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```go
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err := cfg.Append("other file", []byte("other raw data"))
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```
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当您想要加载一系列文件,但是不能够确定其中哪些文件是不存在的,可以通过调用函数 `LooseLoad` 来忽略它们(`Load` 会因为文件不存在而返回错误):
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```go
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cfg, err := ini.LooseLoad("filename", "filename_404")
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```
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更牛逼的是,当那些之前不存在的文件在重新调用 `Reload` 方法的时候突然出现了,那么它们会被正常加载。
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#### 忽略键名的大小写
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有时候分区和键的名称大小写混合非常烦人,这个时候就可以通过 `InsensitiveLoad` 将所有分区和键名在读取里强制转换为小写:
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```go
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cfg, err := ini.InsensitiveLoad("filename")
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//...
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// sec1 和 sec2 指向同一个分区对象
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sec1, err := cfg.GetSection("Section")
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sec2, err := cfg.GetSection("SecTIOn")
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// key1 和 key2 指向同一个键对象
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key1, err := sec1.GetKey("Key")
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key2, err := sec2.GetKey("KeY")
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2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
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```
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#### 类似 MySQL 配置中的布尔值键
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MySQL 的配置文件中会出现没有具体值的布尔类型的键:
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```ini
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[mysqld]
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...
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skip-host-cache
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skip-name-resolve
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```
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默认情况下这被认为是缺失值而无法完成解析,但可以通过高级的加载选项对它们进行处理:
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```go
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cfg, err := LoadSources(LoadOptions{AllowBooleanKeys: true}, "my.cnf"))
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```
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这些键的值永远为 `true`,且在保存到文件时也只会输出键名。
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2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
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如果您想要通过程序来生成此类键,则可以使用 `NewBooleanKey`:
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```go
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key, err := sec.NewBooleanKey("skip-host-cache")
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```
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#### 关于注释
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下述几种情况的内容将被视为注释:
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1. 所有以 `#` 或 `;` 开头的行
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2. 所有在 `#` 或 `;` 之后的内容
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3. 分区标签后的文字 (即 `[分区名]` 之后的内容)
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如果你希望使用包含 `#` 或 `;` 的值,请使用 ``` ` ``` 或 ``` """ ``` 进行包覆。
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除此之外,您还可以通过 `LoadOptions` 完全忽略行内注释:
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```go
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cfg, err := LoadSources(LoadOptions{IgnoreInlineComment: true}, "app.ini"))
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```
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2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
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### 操作分区(Section)
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获取指定分区:
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```go
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section, err := cfg.GetSection("section name")
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```
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如果您想要获取默认分区,则可以用空字符串代替分区名:
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```go
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section, err := cfg.GetSection("")
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```
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当您非常确定某个分区是存在的,可以使用以下简便方法:
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```go
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section := cfg.Section("section name")
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2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
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```
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如果不小心判断错了,要获取的分区其实是不存在的,那会发生什么呢?没事的,它会自动创建并返回一个对应的分区对象给您。
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创建一个分区:
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```go
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err := cfg.NewSection("new section")
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```
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获取所有分区对象或名称:
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```go
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sections := cfg.Sections()
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names := cfg.SectionStrings()
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```
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### 操作键(Key)
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获取某个分区下的键:
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```go
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key, err := cfg.Section("").GetKey("key name")
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```
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和分区一样,您也可以直接获取键而忽略错误处理:
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```go
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key := cfg.Section("").Key("key name")
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```
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判断某个键是否存在:
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```go
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yes := cfg.Section("").HasKey("key name")
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```
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创建一个新的键:
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```go
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err := cfg.Section("").NewKey("name", "value")
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```
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获取分区下的所有键或键名:
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```go
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keys := cfg.Section("").Keys()
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names := cfg.Section("").KeyStrings()
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```
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获取分区下的所有键值对的克隆:
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```go
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hash := cfg.Section("").KeysHash()
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```
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### 操作键值(Value)
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获取一个类型为字符串(string)的值:
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```go
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val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").String()
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```
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获取值的同时通过自定义函数进行处理验证:
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```go
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val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").Validate(func(in string) string {
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if len(in) == 0 {
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return "default"
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}
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return in
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})
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```
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如果您不需要任何对值的自动转变功能(例如递归读取),可以直接获取原值(这种方式性能最佳):
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```go
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val := cfg.Section("").Key("key name").Value()
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```
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判断某个原值是否存在:
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```go
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yes := cfg.Section("").HasValue("test value")
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```
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获取其它类型的值:
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```go
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// 布尔值的规则:
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// true 当值为:1, t, T, TRUE, true, True, YES, yes, Yes, y, ON, on, On
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// false 当值为:0, f, F, FALSE, false, False, NO, no, No, n, OFF, off, Off
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").Bool()
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").Float64()
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").Int()
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").Int64()
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").Uint()
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").Uint64()
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").TimeFormat(time.RFC3339)
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v, err = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").Time() // RFC3339
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").MustBool()
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").MustFloat64()
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").MustInt()
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").MustInt64()
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").MustUint()
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").MustUint64()
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTimeFormat(time.RFC3339)
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTime() // RFC3339
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// 由 Must 开头的方法名允许接收一个相同类型的参数来作为默认值,
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// 当键不存在或者转换失败时,则会直接返回该默认值。
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// 但是,MustString 方法必须传递一个默认值。
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v = cfg.Seciont("").Key("String").MustString("default")
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("BOOL").MustBool(true)
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").MustFloat64(1.25)
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").MustInt(10)
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").MustInt64(99)
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").MustUint(3)
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").MustUint64(6)
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now())
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v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").MustTime(time.Now()) // RFC3339
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```
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如果我的值有好多行怎么办?
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```ini
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[advance]
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ADDRESS = """404 road,
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NotFound, State, 5000
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Earth"""
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```
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嗯哼?小 case!
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```go
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cfg.Section("advance").Key("ADDRESS").String()
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/* --- start ---
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404 road,
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NotFound, State, 5000
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Earth
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------ end --- */
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```
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赞爆了!那要是我属于一行的内容写不下想要写到第二行怎么办?
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```ini
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[advance]
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two_lines = how about \
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continuation lines?
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lots_of_lines = 1 \
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2 \
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3 \
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4
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```
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简直是小菜一碟!
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```go
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cfg.Section("advance").Key("two_lines").String() // how about continuation lines?
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cfg.Section("advance").Key("lots_of_lines").String() // 1 2 3 4
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```
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可是我有时候觉得两行连在一起特别没劲,怎么才能不自动连接两行呢?
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```go
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cfg, err := ini.LoadSources(ini.LoadOptions{
|
|
|
|
|
IgnoreContinuation: true,
|
|
|
|
|
}, "filename")
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
哇靠给力啊!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
需要注意的是,值两侧的单引号会被自动剔除:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```ini
|
|
|
|
|
foo = "some value" // foo: some value
|
|
|
|
|
bar = 'some value' // bar: some value
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
这就是全部了?哈哈,当然不是。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### 操作键值的辅助方法
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
获取键值时设定候选值:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("STRING").In("default", []string{"str", "arr", "types"})
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").InFloat64(1.1, []float64{1.25, 2.5, 3.75})
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").InInt(5, []int{10, 20, 30})
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").InInt64(10, []int64{10, 20, 30})
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").InUint(4, []int{3, 6, 9})
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").InUint64(8, []int64{3, 6, 9})
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").InTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now(), []time.Time{time1, time2, time3})
|
|
|
|
|
v = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").InTime(time.Now(), []time.Time{time1, time2, time3}) // RFC3339
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果获取到的值不是候选值的任意一个,则会返回默认值,而默认值不需要是候选值中的一员。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
验证获取的值是否在指定范围内:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64").RangeFloat64(0.0, 1.1, 2.2)
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT").RangeInt(0, 10, 20)
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64").RangeInt64(0, 10, 20)
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT").RangeUint(0, 3, 9)
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64").RangeUint64(0, 3, 9)
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").RangeTimeFormat(time.RFC3339, time.Now(), minTime, maxTime)
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIME").RangeTime(time.Now(), minTime, maxTime) // RFC3339
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
##### 自动分割键值到切片(slice)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
当存在无效输入时,使用零值代替:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
// Input: 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4 -> [1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4]
|
|
|
|
|
// Input: how, 2.2, are, you -> [0.0 2.2 0.0 0.0]
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("STRINGS").Strings(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64S").Float64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INTS").Ints(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64S").Int64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINTS").Uints(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64S").Uint64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIMES").Times(",")
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
从结果切片中剔除无效输入:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
// Input: 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4 -> [1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4]
|
|
|
|
|
// Input: how, 2.2, are, you -> [2.2]
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64S").ValidFloat64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INTS").ValidInts(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64S").ValidInt64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINTS").ValidUints(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64S").ValidUint64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIMES").ValidTimes(",")
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
当存在无效输入时,直接返回错误:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
// Input: 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4 -> [1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4]
|
|
|
|
|
// Input: how, 2.2, are, you -> error
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("FLOAT64S").StrictFloat64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INTS").StrictInts(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("INT64S").StrictInt64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINTS").StrictUints(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("UINT64S").StrictUint64s(",")
|
|
|
|
|
vals = cfg.Section("").Key("TIMES").StrictTimes(",")
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 保存配置
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
终于到了这个时刻,是时候保存一下配置了。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
比较原始的做法是输出配置到某个文件:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
err = cfg.SaveTo("my.ini")
|
|
|
|
|
err = cfg.SaveToIndent("my.ini", "\t")
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
另一个比较高级的做法是写入到任何实现 `io.Writer` 接口的对象中:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
cfg.WriteTo(writer)
|
|
|
|
|
cfg.WriteToIndent(writer, "\t")
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
|
|
|
|
默认情况下,空格将被用于对齐键值之间的等号以美化输出结果,以下代码可以禁用该功能:
|
2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
|
|
|
|
|
2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
ini.PrettyFormat = false
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 高级用法
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 递归读取键值
|
2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
在获取所有键值的过程中,特殊语法 `%(<name>)s` 会被应用,其中 `<name>` 可以是相同分区或者默认分区下的键名。字符串 `%(<name>)s` 会被相应的键值所替代,如果指定的键不存在,则会用空字符串替代。您可以最多使用 99 层的递归嵌套。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```ini
|
|
|
|
|
NAME = ini
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[author]
|
|
|
|
|
NAME = Unknwon
|
|
|
|
|
GITHUB = https://github.com/%(NAME)s
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[package]
|
|
|
|
|
FULL_NAME = github.com/go-ini/%(NAME)s
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
cfg.Section("author").Key("GITHUB").String() // https://github.com/Unknwon
|
|
|
|
|
cfg.Section("package").Key("FULL_NAME").String() // github.com/go-ini/ini
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
|
|
|
|
### 读取父子分区
|
2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
您可以在分区名称中使用 `.` 来表示两个或多个分区之间的父子关系。如果某个键在子分区中不存在,则会去它的父分区中再次寻找,直到没有父分区为止。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```ini
|
|
|
|
|
NAME = ini
|
|
|
|
|
VERSION = v1
|
|
|
|
|
IMPORT_PATH = gopkg.in/%(NAME)s.%(VERSION)s
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[package]
|
|
|
|
|
CLONE_URL = https://%(IMPORT_PATH)s
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[package.sub]
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
cfg.Section("package.sub").Key("CLONE_URL").String() // https://gopkg.in/ini.v1
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### 获取上级父分区下的所有键名
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
cfg.Section("package.sub").ParentKeys() // ["CLONE_URL"]
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-08-06 20:42:48 -05:00
|
|
|
|
### 无法解析的分区
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果遇到一些比较特殊的分区,它们不包含常见的键值对,而是没有固定格式的纯文本,则可以使用 `LoadOptions.UnparsableSections` 进行处理:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
cfg, err := LoadSources(LoadOptions{UnparseableSections: []string{"COMMENTS"}}, `[COMMENTS]
|
|
|
|
|
<1><L.Slide#2> This slide has the fuel listed in the wrong units <e.1>`))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
body := cfg.Section("COMMENTS").Body()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* --- start ---
|
|
|
|
|
<1><L.Slide#2> This slide has the fuel listed in the wrong units <e.1>
|
|
|
|
|
------ end --- */
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 读取自增键名
|
2016-11-03 17:16:01 -05:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果数据源中的键名为 `-`,则认为该键使用了自增键名的特殊语法。计数器从 1 开始,并且分区之间是相互独立的。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```ini
|
|
|
|
|
[features]
|
|
|
|
|
-: Support read/write comments of keys and sections
|
|
|
|
|
-: Support auto-increment of key names
|
|
|
|
|
-: Support load multiple files to overwrite key values
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
cfg.Section("features").KeyStrings() // []{"#1", "#2", "#3"}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 映射到结构
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
想要使用更加面向对象的方式玩转 INI 吗?好主意。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```ini
|
|
|
|
|
Name = Unknwon
|
|
|
|
|
age = 21
|
|
|
|
|
Male = true
|
|
|
|
|
Born = 1993-01-01T20:17:05Z
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Note]
|
|
|
|
|
Content = Hi is a good man!
|
|
|
|
|
Cities = HangZhou, Boston
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
type Note struct {
|
|
|
|
|
Content string
|
|
|
|
|
Cities []string
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
type Person struct {
|
|
|
|
|
Name string
|
|
|
|
|
Age int `ini:"age"`
|
|
|
|
|
Male bool
|
|
|
|
|
Born time.Time
|
|
|
|
|
Note
|
|
|
|
|
Created time.Time `ini:"-"`
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func main() {
|
|
|
|
|
cfg, err := ini.Load("path/to/ini")
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
p := new(Person)
|
|
|
|
|
err = cfg.MapTo(p)
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 一切竟可以如此的简单。
|
|
|
|
|
err = ini.MapTo(p, "path/to/ini")
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// 嗯哼?只需要映射一个分区吗?
|
|
|
|
|
n := new(Note)
|
|
|
|
|
err = cfg.Section("Note").MapTo(n)
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
结构的字段怎么设置默认值呢?很简单,只要在映射之前对指定字段进行赋值就可以了。如果键未找到或者类型错误,该值不会发生改变。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
p := &Person{
|
|
|
|
|
Name: "Joe",
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
这样玩 INI 真的好酷啊!然而,如果不能还给我原来的配置文件,有什么卵用?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 从结构反射
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
可是,我有说不能吗?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
|
type Embeded struct {
|
|
|
|
|
Dates []time.Time `delim:"|"`
|
|
|
|
|
Places []string `ini:"places,omitempty"`
|
|
|
|
|
None []int `ini:",omitempty"`
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
type Author struct {
|
|
|
|
|
Name string `ini:"NAME"`
|
|
|
|
|
Male bool
|
|
|
|
|
Age int
|
|
|
|
|
GPA float64
|
|
|
|
|
NeverMind string `ini:"-"`
|
|
|
|
|
*Embeded
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func main() {
|
|
|
|
|
a := &Author{"Unknwon", true, 21, 2.8, "",
|
|
|
|
|
&Embeded{
|
|
|
|
|
[]time.Time{time.Now(), time.Now()},
|
|
|
|
|
[]string{"HangZhou", "Boston"},
|
|
|
|
|
[]int{},
|
|
|
|
|
}}
|
|
|
|
|
cfg := ini.Empty()
|
|
|
|
|
err = ini.ReflectFrom(cfg, a)
|
|
|
|
|
// ...
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
瞧瞧,奇迹发生了。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```ini
|
|
|
|
|
NAME = Unknwon
|
|
|
|
|
Male = true
|
|
|
|
|
Age = 21
|
|
|
|
|
GPA = 2.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Embeded]
|
|
|
|
|
Dates = 2015-08-07T22:14:22+08:00|2015-08-07T22:14:22+08:00
|
|
|
|
|
places = HangZhou,Boston
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### 名称映射器(Name Mapper)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
为了节省您的时间并简化代码,本库支持类型为 [`NameMapper`](https://gowalker.org/gopkg.in/ini.v1#NameMapper) 的名称映射器,该映射器负责结构字段名与分区名和键名之间的映射。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
目前有 2 款内置的映射器:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- `AllCapsUnderscore`:该映射器将字段名转换至格式 `ALL_CAPS_UNDERSCORE` 后再去匹配分区名和键名。
|
|
|
|
|
- `TitleUnderscore`:该映射器将字段名转换至格式 `title_underscore` 后再去匹配分区名和键名。
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使用方法:
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```go
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type Info struct{
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PackageName string
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}
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func main() {
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err = ini.MapToWithMapper(&Info{}, ini.TitleUnderscore, []byte("package_name=ini"))
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// ...
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cfg, err := ini.Load([]byte("PACKAGE_NAME=ini"))
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// ...
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info := new(Info)
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cfg.NameMapper = ini.AllCapsUnderscore
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err = cfg.MapTo(info)
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// ...
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}
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```
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使用函数 `ini.ReflectFromWithMapper` 时也可应用相同的规则。
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#### 值映射器(Value Mapper)
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值映射器允许使用一个自定义函数自动展开值的具体内容,例如:运行时获取环境变量:
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```go
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type Env struct {
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Foo string `ini:"foo"`
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}
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func main() {
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cfg, err := ini.Load([]byte("[env]\nfoo = ${MY_VAR}\n")
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cfg.ValueMapper = os.ExpandEnv
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// ...
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env := &Env{}
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err = cfg.Section("env").MapTo(env)
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}
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```
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本例中,`env.Foo` 将会是运行时所获取到环境变量 `MY_VAR` 的值。
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#### 映射/反射的其它说明
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任何嵌入的结构都会被默认认作一个不同的分区,并且不会自动产生所谓的父子分区关联:
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```go
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type Child struct {
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Age string
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}
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type Parent struct {
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Name string
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Child
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}
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type Config struct {
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City string
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Parent
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}
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```
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示例配置文件:
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```ini
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City = Boston
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[Parent]
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Name = Unknwon
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[Child]
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Age = 21
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```
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很好,但是,我就是要嵌入结构也在同一个分区。好吧,你爹是李刚!
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```go
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type Child struct {
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Age string
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}
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type Parent struct {
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Name string
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Child `ini:"Parent"`
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}
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type Config struct {
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City string
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Parent
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}
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```
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示例配置文件:
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```ini
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City = Boston
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[Parent]
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Name = Unknwon
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Age = 21
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```
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## 获取帮助
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- [API 文档](https://gowalker.org/gopkg.in/ini.v1)
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- [创建工单](https://github.com/go-ini/ini/issues/new)
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## 常见问题
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### 字段 `BlockMode` 是什么?
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默认情况下,本库会在您进行读写操作时采用锁机制来确保数据时间。但在某些情况下,您非常确定只进行读操作。此时,您可以通过设置 `cfg.BlockMode = false` 来将读操作提升大约 **50-70%** 的性能。
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### 为什么要写另一个 INI 解析库?
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许多人都在使用我的 [goconfig](https://github.com/Unknwon/goconfig) 来完成对 INI 文件的操作,但我希望使用更加 Go 风格的代码。并且当您设置 `cfg.BlockMode = false` 时,会有大约 **10-30%** 的性能提升。
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为了做出这些改变,我必须对 API 进行破坏,所以新开一个仓库是最安全的做法。除此之外,本库直接使用 `gopkg.in` 来进行版本化发布。(其实真相是导入路径更短了)
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